![]() Please help improve this section if you can. The specific problem is: partly garbled account, partly of doubtful notability. This section may require cleanup to meet Wikipedia's quality standards. Alif Lām Mīm (الم) is also the first verse of Surah Al-Baqara, Surah Al-Imran, Surah Al-Ankabut, Surah Ar-Rum, Surah Luqman, and Surah As-Sajda. Letter 20:01 is used only in the beginning and middle of a word and that in 19:01 is not used as such. Lām and Mīm are conjoined and both are written with prolongation mark. More specifically, one may note that in 8 cases the following verse begins "These are the signs.", and in another 5 it begins "The Revelation." another 3 begin "By the Qur'an.", and another 2 "By the Book." Additionally, all but 3 of these suras are Meccan surat (the exceptions are surat al-Baqarah, Āl ʾImrān and ar-Raʻd.) ![]() In all but 3 of the 29 cases, these letters are almost immediately followed by mention of the Qur'anic revelation itself (the exceptions are surat al-ʻAnkabūt, ar-Rūm and al-Qalam) and some argue that even these three cases should be included, since mention of the revelation is made later on in the surah. The substantial majority of the combinations begin either ʾAlif Lām or Ḥāʾ Mīm. Ĭertain co-occurrence restrictions are observable in these letters for instance, ʾAlif is invariably followed by Lām. It is possible that the restricted set of letters was supposed to invoke an archaic variant of the Arabic alphabet modeled on the Aramaic alphabet. ![]() The letters represented correspond to those letters written without Arabic diacritics plus yāʿ ي. The six final letters of the Abjadi order ( thakhadh ḍaẓagh) are unused. Of the 28 letters of the Arabic alphabet, exactly one half appear as muqatta'at, either singly or in combinations of two, three, four or five letters. There are 14 distinct combinations the most frequent are ʾAlif Lām Mīm and Ḥāʾ Mīm, occurring six times each. Structural analysis A tree diagram of the Qur'anic initial letters, labelled with the respective numbers of occurrences. Multiple letters are written together like a word, but each letter is pronounced separately. The general belief of most Muslims is that their meaning is known only to Allah. Tafsir ( exegesis) has interpreted them as abbreviations for either names or qualities of God or for the names or content of the respective surahs. The original significance of the letters is unknown. ![]() įour chapters are named for their muqaṭṭaʿāt: Ṭā-Hā, Yā-Sīn, Ṣād and Qāf. The letters are also known as fawātiḥ ( فَوَاتِح) or "openers" as they form the opening verse of their respective surahs. The mysterious letters ( muqaṭṭaʿāt, Arabic: حُرُوف مُقَطَّعَات ḥurūf muqaṭṭaʿāt, "disjoined letters" or "disconnected letters" ) are combinations of between one and five Arabic letters that appear at the beginning of 29 out of the 114 chapters ( surahs) of the Quran just after the Bismillāh Islamic phrase.
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